HP Labs receives molectronics patent

from the thanks-for-the-(molecular)-memory dept.
An article in the May 2001 issue of Technology Review Magazine details a patent for a molecular electronics device granted to the well-known team from HP Laboratories: Philip Kuekes, R. Stanley Williams and UCLA chemist James Heath ("Molecular Memory," by D. Rotman). According to the article, the HP research group received an initial patent on a molecular memory device in October 2000; and "a series of related patents covering everything from molecular logic to how to chemically assemble these devices is pending." You can view the patent (U.S. Patent 6,128,214) online.

Coverage of the work by the HP Labs research team has appeared in Foresight Update 42.

A Study on Artificial Markets (Idea Futures)

from the Buying-into-an-idea dept.
Senior Associate John Smart brings our attention to a study on the predictive power of artificial markets ("The Real Power of Artificial Markets: A research study on the efficiency and forecast accuracy of market games on the Web") by a team of researchers at the NEC Research Institute. According to one of the studyís authors, the prices of securities can be thought of as the market's assessment of the probabilities of the corresponding events, and players can be as accurate in their predictions as stock-market investors. He also suggest that trend watchers could study artificial markets to spot evidence of future trends, or even create new gaming markets to collect information on particular areas of interest.

The full NEC study and a short version that appeared in the 9 February 2001 issue of Science are both available online and as Adobe Acrobat PDF files at http://artificialmarkets.com

Bush Proposes Increase for Nanotech Funding

from the gathering-momentum dept.
An article on the web site of MITís Technology Review Magazine ("Nano Gets Boost from Bush," by A. Leo, 13 April 2001) reports that the Bush Administrationís proposed budget for Fiscal Year 2002 for the U.S. federal government would significantly boost research and development funding for nantechnology-related efforts. According to the TR report, in his budget proposal released last week, Bush requested $485 million for nanotechnology research in fiscal year 2002, a fifteen percent increase from the $422 million Congress granted last year. This is still less than the $495 million the Clinton Adminstration originally requested for the U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) for FY2001.
Analysts with the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) R&D Budget and Policy Program put the nanotech funding for FY2002 at $482 million, and note in their preliminary analysis of the budget proposal that nanotech is one of the few areas that receives an increase in research and development funds.

The TR article also contains this interesting teaser: The NNI has also begun "to address how nanotechnology will affect society. This month, the National Science Foundation will publish a 400-page report, authored by Roco, on those implications. In that report, Roco predicts that in ten to fifteen years the entire semiconductor industry, as well as half the pharmaceutical industry, will rely on nanotechnology."

Problems with patenting genes

from the 3-billion-years-of-prior-art dept.
A lengthy article on the serious problems with gene patents appears in the April 2001 issue of The Washington Monthly ("Gene Blues: Is the Patent Office prepared to deal with the genomic revolution?" by N. Thompson). Taking a look at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (PTO), the author notes:
A crucial issue of public policy has been put into a legal and scientific box. That may not be the PTO's fault, but it's everyone's problem. According to Arthur Caplan, who serves on the ethical advisory board to Celera, "We have this space-shuttle biotech. But its navigation system is Santa Maria level in terms of the ethics."

IMM Prizes in computational nanotechnology

from the Preparing-future-technologies dept.
The Institute for Molecular Manufacturing will offer four new annual prizes in computational nanotechnology, one each in the fields of design, analysis, rendering, and simulation. The Prizes will be presented in person at the annual Feynman Prize presentation ceremony at the Foresight Conference on Molecular Nanotechnology. The four winning projects each year will automatically be nominated for the next Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology (Theoretical).
The goal of this program is rapid advance and iteration, so the IMM Prizes do not require journal publication. Incremental improvements to prior designs, including those originally produced by others, are explicitly encouraged.
Special consideration will be given for analysis or designs that contribute to system security or component mechanisms designed specifically to prevent abuse (refer to the Foresight Guidelines on Molecular Nanotechnology for several specific mechanisms). This consideration may not come up in the early days of the Prizes, but is expected to be increasingly important as designs advance.

Details are available on the IMM website.

Nanotechnology in Europe

from the The-happening-world dept.
A correspondent from Belgium provides us with the URLs for two interesting web sites that provide useful information and resources on nanotechnology-related activity in Europe:

The first site is the Nanoforum, hosted by the European Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research (COST) organization.
The second site is maintained by the (European) Community Research and Development Information Service (CORDIS).

If you are interested in whatís going on in Europe, these sites are worth a visit.

An overview article from Mechanical Engineering

from the engineering-the-future dept.
Mechanical Engineering Magazine continues its year-long series focusing on nanotechnology. The latest installment ("Not without engineering," April 2001) is recommended by Giff Constable, who saw a notice about it in Tim Harperís TNT Weekly newsletter. GC writes: "For those heavily involved in nanotech issues, it will be old hat, but I thought it was one of the better written overviews I've seen, speaking as the non-scientist I am. The article was written by Arun Majumdar (professor and vice chair for instruction in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley [and] also member of the ASME Nanotechnology Steering Committee).
Note: The above URL may change. You can access the Mechancial Engineering Magazine site at http://www.memagazine.org.

This series emphasizes the growing interest in a variety of engineering disciplines in the challenges of developing molecular nanotechnology. Past articles in the ME series appeared in the January and February, issues.

Shape-changing crystals may drive nanodevices

from the step-by-step dept.
A team of researchers in Japan have reported on a potentially useful phenomenon: reversible, light-induced nanometer-scale changes in the shape of a crystal. In a paper that appeared in the 2 March 2001 issue of Science, they report that irradiating the crystal with ultraviolet light induced the formation of regular, 1 nm size steps (the height of one molecular layer). The process could be reversed using light at another (visible) wavelength. The authors conclude:
ì The surface morphological changes can be explained by the molecular structural changes of diarylethenes regularly packed in the single crystal. These crystals could potentially be used as photodriven nanometer-scale actuators

Read more for the full abstract and citation in Science. Online access to the full paper requires a subscription to the journal.

A brief report from Washington, D.C.

from the bordering-the-beltway dept.
A quick look of nanotechnology activity in and around the U.S. capital can be found in this short article in Washington Techway ("Nanotechnology: The tiny world of atoms," by A. Daniels, April 9, 2001). The article presents a regional view of nanotech policy and research in Washington, D.C. and nearby academic and government research centers in Virginia and Maryland. The article quotes Senior Associate Richard Smith, director of forecasts in science, technology, and engineering for Coates & Jarratt, Inc., in Washington, as well as officials from NSF, NIST, and MITRE.

Note: in the accompanying illustration of Drexlerís design for a fine-motion controller, the caption erroneously states "Drexler . . . has constructed a detailed molecular manipulator". This is incorrect. The FMC has only been modeled, not constructed . . . yet.

Value of Senior Associate Gatherings Questioned

from the cost/benefit-analysis dept.
Michael Mestre suggests that members of the Foresight community may want to weigh in with their opinions on this short discussion thread on NanotechNews.com. Michael writes: "Some discussion about this would be welcome : ) — in short, a former Senior Associate from Foresight is being critical of the commercial (and costly) aspect of the Senior Associate gatherings."

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